Purpose: To examine the relationship between the concentration of a reactant and the amount of gaseous product generated. Time Required: One 50 minute class period Group Size: 6 students Materials: - 5 100 mL graduated cylinders
- Vinegar
- Water
- Baking soda
- Pipet
- Dish soap
- Set of measuring spoons
- Syringe
Prior Knowledge:Reaction rates Procedure: - You will set up a series of five graduated cylinders that contain a set of diminishing concentrations of vinegar.
- Using a syringe, measure out 10.0 mL of vinegar and put it into a 100.0 mL graduated cylinder.
- Using the syringe, draw up 8 mL of vinegar + 2 mL of water, to make a total of 10.0 mL of solution. Place in the second graduated cylinder.
- Using the syringe, draw 6 mL of vinegar + 4 mL of water, to make a total of 10.0 mL of solution. Place in the third graduated cylinder.
- Using the syringe, draw 4 mL of vinegar + 6 mL of water, to make a total of 10.0 mL of solution. Place in the third graduated cylinder.
- Using the syringe, draw 2 mL of vinegar + 8 mL of water, to make a total of 10.0 mL of solution. Place in the third graduated cylinder.
- Add one drop of dish soap to each graduated cylinder.
- Now you need to measure out 5 piles of baking powder that will be mixed with the vinegar.
- Measure out 1/2 teaspoon of baking soda onto 5 separate small pieces of paper.
- Now it’s time to mix the reagents together!!! You are looking to measure the height of the soap bubbles as they rise up the graduated cylinder column.
- Mix 1/2 teaspoon of baking soda with the 10.0 mL of vinegar in the first graduated cylinder. Record the greatest height of the bubbles.
- Repeat with each of the of the graduated cylinders, recording the greatest height of the bubbles each time.
Data Table: Baking soda | + | Vinegar |  | sodium acetate | + | water | + | Carbon dioxide gas | NaHCO3 | + | HC2H3O2 |  | NaC2H3O2 | + | H2O | + | CO2 |
| height (in mL) | graduated cylinder #1 10.0 mL vinegar | | graduated cylinder #2 8.0 mL vinegar + 2 mL H2O | | graduated cylinder #3 6.0 mL vinegar + 4 mL H2O | | graduated cylinder #4 4.0 mL vinegar + 6 mL H2O | | graduated cylinder #5 2.0 mL vinegar + 8 mL H2O | |
Calculations: - Make of graph of your experimental data . Use volume of vinegar added to baking soda as the independent variable and height as the dependent variable.
- Construct a line of best fit and calculate the slope of the line.
- Write the equation for the line
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